What Is Diwali? Meaning, Five Days and Traditions

Diwali, also called Deepavali ("a row of lamps"), is one of the most widely celebrated festivals in India and among Indian communities around the world. It symbolises the victory of light over darkness and good over evil.

Why is Diwali celebrated?

Different regions and communities connect Diwali with different stories:

• In much of North India, it marks the return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya after fourteen years of exile. People lit lamps to welcome him home.
• Many households worship Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, on the main day of Diwali.
• In parts of South India, the festival is associated with Lord Krishna's victory over the demon Narakasura.
• Jains mark the day as the attainment of nirvana by Lord Mahavira, and Sikhs celebrate Bandi Chhor Divas on the same day.

The five days of Diwali

1. Dhanteras – Homes are cleaned and people traditionally buy metal utensils or gold as a sign of good fortune.
2. Naraka Chaturdashi / Choti Diwali – Early-morning rituals and the first lamps of the festival.
3. Lakshmi Puja (main Diwali) – Evening prayers, diyas on every doorstep, rangoli and sweets shared with family and neighbours.
4. Govardhan Puja / Annakut – Offerings of many kinds of food, celebrating nature and gratitude.
5. Bhai Dooj – A day honouring the bond between brothers and sisters.

Common traditions

• Lighting clay diyas and decorating with lights
• Drawing colourful rangoli at the entrance
• Preparing and exchanging sweets and snacks
• Wearing new clothes and visiting relatives
• Sending greetings to friends and family

Whatever the story your family follows, the heart of Diwali is the same: share light, share food and share kindness.